- Chest and thorax: Symptoms and toxicities
- Publication Year: 2024
- Authors: Julie R. Bloom, Robert M. Samstein
- Abstract: In the last several decades, cancer-related treatment has significantly advanced including increased utilization of immunotherapy, improvement in surgical precision and radiation techniques, palliative medicine, emphasis on patient quality life. Increasing metastatic disease oligometastases been emphasized oligometastatic pulmonary disease. Many world’s most common cancers commonly metastasize to lung parenchyma breast, lung, colorectal, uterine leiomyosarcoma, head neck squamous cell carcinomas. Cancer spreading endobronchial tree includes renal, lymphoma. Additionally, urgent diagnoses superior vena cava syndrome malignant airway obstruction cause similar short- long-term side effects. It is therefore utmost importance understand, recognize treat therapy complications, both acute chronic, as it pertains thorax. this chapter, we discuss chronic toxicities thorax, presentations, diagnosis, terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE) grading, prevalence, management.
- Mechanisms of Resistance to CAR-T cell Immunotherapy: Insights from a Mathematical Model
- Publication Year: 2024
- Authors: Daniela Silva Santurio, Emanuelle A. Paixão, Luciana R.C. Barros, Regina C. Almeida, Artur C. Fassoni
- Abstract: Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy long-term follow-up studies revealed non-durable remissions in a significant number of patients. Some the mechanisms underlying these relapses include poor CAR T cytotoxicity or persistence, as well antigen loss lineage switching tumor cells. In order to investigate how antigen-mediated resistance affect outcomes, we develop mathematical model based on set integral-partial differential equations. Using continuous variable describe level expression cells, recapitulated important cellular across patients with different therapeutic responses. Fitted clinical data, successfully captured dynamics and CAR-T cells for several hematological cancers. Furthermore, role played by are explored regard biological scenarios, such pre-existing aquired mutations, providing deeper understanding key factors immunotherapy.
- Multifunctional nanocomposites modulating the tumor microenvironment for enhanced cancer immunotherapy
- Publication Year: 2024
- Authors: Prashant Sharma, Mario Otto
- Abstract: Cancer immunotherapy has gained momentum for treating malignant tumors over the past decade. Checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor cell therapy (CAR-T) have shown considerable potency against liquid solid cancers. However, tumor microenvironment (TME) is highly immunosuppressive hampers effect of currently available cancer immunotherapies on overall treatment outcomes. Advancements in design engineering nanomaterials opened new avenues to modulate TME. Progress current nanocomposite technology can overcome immunosuppression trigger robust immunotherapeutic responses by integrating synergistic functions different molecules. We will review recent advancements nanomedical applications discuss specifically designed nanocomposites modulating TME immunotherapy. In addition, we provide information landscape clinical-stage.
